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Pakistan’s Defense Minister Khawaja Asif has threatened India regarding the suspension of Indus Water Treaty. Speaking to Pakistani channel ARY News, Khawaja Asif said, if we felt that our national security is threatened and water is also a part of our security, then we will definitely go to war against India.
He also said that if India is seen to be rapidly trying to affect the availability of water for Pakistan, then military action can be considered.
India had suspended the 1960 Indus Water Treaty after the Pahalgam terror attack in April 2025 killed 26 people. India says the treaty will not be reinstated unless Pakistan takes concrete action against cross-border terrorism.
What is the Indus Water Agreement between India and Pakistan?
There are a total of 6 rivers in the Indus river system – Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej. The area along their banks is spread over about 11.2 lakh square kilometers. Of this, 47% land is in Pakistan, 39% land is in India, 8% land is in China and 6% land is in Afghanistan. About 30 crore people from all these countries live in these areas.
Even before the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947, the dispute over sharing of river water had started between Punjab of India and Sindh province of Pakistan. In 1947, ‘Standstill Agreement’ was signed between the engineers of India and Pakistan. Under this, Pakistan continued to get water from two main canals. This agreement lasted till 31 March 1948.
When the agreement was no longer in force on 1 April 1948, India stopped the water of both the canals. Due to this, farming on 17 lakh acres of land in Punjab province of Pakistan was ruined. In the renewed agreement, India agreed to provide water.
After this, from 1951 to 1960, negotiations regarding water sharing between India and Pakistan continued under the mediation of the World Bank and finally on 19 September 1960, it was signed between India’s PM Nehru and Pakistan’s President Ayub Khan in Karachi. It is called Indus Water Treaty or Indus Water Treaty.
Impact of postponement of Indus water agreement on Pakistan
In Pakistan, 90% of the cultivated land i.e. 47 million acres of area gets irrigation water from the Indus river system. The agriculture sector contributes 23% to Pakistan’s national income and supports the livelihood of 68% of rural Pakistanis. In such a situation, the poor economy of Pakistan along with the common people is getting worse.
Pakistan’s Mangal and Tarbela hydropower dams are not getting water. This may reduce Pakistan’s electricity production by 30% to 50%. Also, industrial production and employment will be affected.
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