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America’s Time Capsule contains special items sent by 50 states and 5 union territories.
On July 4, on the occasion of 250 years of America’s independence, a 408 kg time capsule will be buried in the ground. It will be buried in the Independence National Historical Park in Philadelphia and will be opened after 250 years i.e. in 2276.
Its information has also been recorded in the official records of the National Park Service, so that after 250 years, future generations can find it and know about it.
This capsule contains memorabilia selected from 50 states and the general public, including whale bone, sand from the world’s largest gypsum desert, fabric from the Wright brothers’ plane, AI predictions and many historical documents.
A time capsule is a closed box or container, in which things from an era are kept safe, so that future generations can understand the society, technology, culture and life of that time.
Philadelphia is considered the birthplace of American independence. It was here on July 4, 1776 that the Declaration of Independence was approved. For this reason this city was chosen to bury the time capsule.
Special techniques adopted to keep capsules safe
Making a time capsule was not difficult, but the bigger challenge was to keep it safe for 250 years. The biggest question before the scientists was how the things kept under the ground were found safe even after two hundred and fifty years.
For this reason, many experts related to the project were included in it. After several years of research, a design was prepared that could protect the capsule from the effects of water, moisture, rust and weather.
This capsule is not square but cylinder shaped. According to scientists, the corners of square boxes become weak with time and that is where the risk of water getting inside is highest.
The cylinder of the Time Capsule is made from precision-mild stainless steel. It is used in scientific instruments to protect them from rust.
How was the time capsule sealed?
The capsule will not be sealed on the day of the event. It has already been completely sealed. On July 4, it will be installed underground only in Philadelphia.
Special metal indium has been used to seal the capsule. This soft metal fills even the smallest cracks when closing the lid. Due to this, the capsule remains completely sealed and the contents kept inside remain safe for a long time.
If there was too much moisture in the capsule, the paper and other items could be damaged. At the same time, if moisture is completely removed, some things could dry up and break. Therefore scientists have kept 35% moisture inside the capsule.
The capsule will be buried about 10 feet below. Temperature fluctuations are less at this depth. The effect of intense heat, severe cold and storms on the surface is also very less.
The team that made the time capsule. The preparation of the capsule took 10 years.
Neither water will reach nor rust for 250 years
According to scientists, the biggest enemy of any time capsule kept underground is water. That is why another steel cylinder will be installed on top of the capsule. There will be a layer of air between the two, which will help in preventing water from coming from outside.
It will work on the same principle as when a bucket is immersed upside down in water, air remains trapped inside it. Even if the groundwater level rises or floods occur in the future, the air inside the bell jar will still prevent water from reaching the capsule.
Michael Barilla, the lead scientist of the team that created it, said,
If water reaches this time capsule, it would mean that the city of Philadelphia is submerged in about 6 feet of water. And if this happens, not only the time capsule but the whole world will be facing a major natural crisis.
The world’s most famous time capsule
- Crypt of Civilization is the first name among the world’s most famous time capsules. It is designed to remain closed for 6,000 years.
- It was built underground on the campus of Oglethorpe University in the US state of Atlanta and on the same day the stainless steel door was welded and closed forever.
- It houses books, films, audio recordings, household items, newspapers, scientific equipment and everyday objects of that period. It will be opened in the year 8113.
- Similarly, the Westinghouse Time Capsule was buried in New York in 1939. Everyday things of that period have also been kept in it. It is planned to open in the year 6939.
- Time capsules have also been buried in India. The most famous example is from 1973, when the government of then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi buried a time capsule near the Red Fort in Delhi. It was named ‘Kalpatra’.
- Documents related to the freedom movement and post-independence India were kept in it. However, after the change of government in 1977, it was taken out of the ground. Later there was a political controversy regarding its content.
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