Beijing31 minutes ago
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Today is the second day of Prime Minister Modi’s visit to China. He talked to Chinese President Xi Jinping yesterday on different issues including trade and terrism and attended the SCO Summit.
Today is the last day of SCO Summit. The PM will join it and meet Russia’s President Putin. During this time, there will be a detail talks on the Russian President’s visit to India in December.
Indian Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri said that PM Modi will address the SCO conference today. In this, they will share ideas about the regional cooperation of India. After this, the President will meet Putin and then return to India.
All the leaders at the SCO Summit took the group photographs yesterday, in which Pakistani Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif was also present on the same stage along with PM Modi.
Major issues of dialogue between PM Modi and Jinping
Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri on Sunday gave details of the meeting of PM Modi and President Jinping. This was the second meeting of the two leaders in the last one year. Earlier, both met in October 2024 in Kazan, Russia.
- Emphasis on partnership and peace- The two leaders said that India and China are not each other’s rival, but partners. The friendly relationship between the two countries will be beneficial for 2.8 billion people. India-China cooperation is necessary for the multi-polar system in Asia and the world.
- Discussion on border issue- PM Modi emphasized the need to maintain peace on the border. The two leaders praised the agreement signed in the previous year and to maintain peace along the border. It was agreed to maintain peace through the current system.
- Jinping gave 4 suggestions- President Xi gave four suggestions to improve relationships-1. To increase diplomatic dialogue, 2. Strengthen mutual trust, 3. Exchange and increase cooperation, 4. Take care of each other’s concerns and protect shared interests on global forums.
- Border disputes and other issues- The two leaders committed to resolve the border dispute with mutual respect and keeping in mind the interests of the two countries. He also talked about business balance, contact between people, cooperation on across the border rivers and working together against terrorism.
- Invitation of BRICS Conference- PM Modi invited Xi Jinping to the BRICS conference to be held in India in 2026. Xi thanked for the invitation and promised to support India’s BRICS headlines. PM Modi also supported China’s SCO head and Tianjin Summit.
- Discussion on the issue of terrorism- PM Modi raised the issue of terrorism across the border in front of Jinping. He clearly stated that both India and China have faced the problem of terrorism. At the same time, China assured to give its support in many ways to deal with this problem.
- Need to improve global organizations- PM Modi said that institutions like WTO and UN have flaws. This is a matter of common interest for big countries like India and China, as both countries play an important role on global economic and financial platforms.
- Plan to start direct flight- Direct flights between India and China may start soon. In recent months, there have been several rounds of technical level talks on this. It has been agreed to resume flights between the two sides.
- trade deficit- Large trade deficit between India and China was also discussed. This issue has been part of the conversation for many years. Emphasis was laid on reducing trade deficit and improving relations through transparent policies.
- India’s stand on Taiwan– India again cleared that there is no change in India’s stance on Taiwan. India fully considers One China Policy.
Modi and Jinping joined hands before the bilateral meeting.
Softness in relationships, but old controversy continues
After Modi’s visit to China, there have been signs of softening in India and China relations. For the first time after the 2020 Galwan clash, the two countries have agreed to many important issues related to border and trade.
But there are major disputes like border disputes and water issues. Economic pressure and global situation have forced the two to sit together, but it may take time to fully trust.
This time SCO Summit is special for 6 reasons
1. Modi’s first China tour after the Galwan clash: This is the first time after the clash between Indian and Chinese soldiers 5 years ago when Modi has reached China. Because of this, the whole world is eyeing this summit and Modi-Jinping meeting.
2. Trump’s high tariff on SCO countries: Trump has also imposed high tariffs on other SCO countries including India (50%), China (30%), Kazakhstan (25%). In such a situation, it is important for those countries who are trying to stand on a shared platform against American pressure.
3. Challenge to America’s leadership: Jinping wants to make this summit a platform to present the option of US -led global order. China wants to show that it can become optional power with countries like Russia, India, Iran.
4. India’s agenda- focus on terrorism: In a meeting of SCO Defense Ministers held in June 2025, India refused to sign the joint statement. Actually, there was no mention of the Pahalgam terror attack in it. Now in the main meeting, India will try to discuss terrorism and gather support. This issue will remain in the presence of Pakistan.
5. The presence of more than 20 countries: This time, not only SCO members, but leaders of more than 20 countries, including Observer and Partner countries, are participating in the summit.
6. Relations in India-China improved: For the first time, there has been some softening on Seema and business after the Galwan. Direct flights started, border trade negotiated, Kailash Mansarovar Yatra was restored.
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