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As India celebrates Children’s Day on November 14, here are some important education-related rights that students and parents should know.
Children and their parents or guardians can approach child rights authorities if they face violations of their rights. (Image: Pexels)
As India celebrates Children’s Day on November 14, one must know that every child in this country has the right to education, safety, dignity and equal opportunities. In India, there are several constitutional provisions and laws that protect children’s rights, including their access to schooling and protection from discrimination, exploitation and abuse. Here are some important education-related rights that students and parents should know.
1. Right to Free and Compulsory Education (Article 21A and RTE Act, 2009)
Under Article 21A of the Constitution and the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, every child between the ages of 6 and 14 has the right to free and compulsory elementary education. This means the government must ensure that all children are admitted to school, attend classes and complete their elementary education. The term “free” means that no child should have to pay fees or charges that prevent them from pursuing or completing elementary education.
2. Right to Education Without Discrimination (Sections 8 and 9 of the RTE Act, 2009)
The RTE Act provides for equal access to elementary education. Children cannot be denied admission on the basis of their social or economic background. Sections 8 and 9 place responsibilities on the appropriate government authorities to ensure that children belonging to weaker sections and disadvantaged groups are not discriminated against.
3. Protection From Physical Punishment and Mental Harassment (Section 17 of the RTE Act, 2009)
Section 17 of the RTE Act prohibits physical punishment and mental harassment of children. This means students must not be subjected to physical punishment, humiliation or mental harassment at school. Section 17(2) provides for disciplinary action against anyone who violates this provision, such as termination, suspension or inquiry, in accordance with the applicable service rules. Schools are expected to provide a supportive learning environment where children can study without fear or intimidation.
4. School Safety and Security
The Ministry of Education has issued School Safety and Security Guidelines for government, government-aided and private schools. Schools have a responsibility to protect students from violence, abuse, bullying and other forms of harm. The guidelines outline measures to strengthen student safety and establish accountability among school authorities for protecting children within school premises.
5. Protection From Sexual Abuse (POCSO Act, 2012)
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012 protects every person below the age of 18 from sexual offences. The Act aims to protect children from offences of sexual assault, sexual harassment and pornography and provide for establishment of Special Courts for speedy trial of such offences.
6. Equal Educational Opportunities for Children With Disabilities
Children with disabilities have the right to access education without discrimination. Section 3(3) of the RTE Act provides for free and compulsory elementary education for children with disabilities, in accordance with the Act. Further, Sections 16 and 17 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016, require educational institutions to promote inclusive education, ensure accessibility and provide appropriate support to help children with disabilities participate in learning.
7. Right to Approach Child Rights Authorities
Children and their parents or guardians can approach child rights authorities if they face violations of their rights. The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) monitors the implementation of laws concerning children, including the RTE Act and the POCSO Act. The commission also provides complaint-related mechanisms through its official website, where grievances concerning violations of children’s rights can be submitted.
Quick Answers
Ask News18Under Article 21A and the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, every child between the ages of 6 and 14 has the right to free and compulsory elementary education without having to pay any fees or charges.
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November 14, 2026, 09:00 IST
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